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ASEAN DECLARATION SOUTH CHINA SEA

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 Week 13: ASEAN DECLARATION SOUTH CHINA SEA China and Southeast Asia were enraged by disputes over islands and reefs in the South China Sea throughout the 1990s, which exacerbated tensions between the two countries. Conflicting claims over islands in the Spratly region resulted in a naval conflict between Vietnam and China in 1988 that resulted in the deaths of more than 70 Vietnamese sailors. It was announced on July 22, 1992, by members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and disputants over the Spratly Islands, including China, Taiwan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Brunei. Because of its abundance in oil, gas, and fisheries, every single disputant is adamant about asserting its claim to those islands. It is also a vital site from the standpoint of deference since it has the potential to become a command center over the South China Sea. In exchange for this declaration, the claimants agree to use peaceful ways to resolve their concerns about the islands
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ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM (ARF)

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 WEEK 12 :  ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM (ARF) First, the word forum can be describing as the place, group or situation in which people can exchange the ideas. It also discusses the issues especially on the public issues. Then, Asean Regional Forum or AFR can be referring as the platform of discussion or dialog. It was established in 1994 which is at the inaugural meeting of the ARF that was held in Bangkok. Before that, the AFR was agreeing to establish during the Twenty-Sixth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting and Post Ministerial Conference, which were held in Singapore on 23-25 July 1993. (Unit, 2004) The AFR is known as the important platform for security dialogue in the Indo-Pacific. The main purpose of AFR establishment is to accelerate the economic growth and enhance it through the social progress and cultural development. It provides the setting that the members can discuss the current security issues and develop cooperative measures. So, it can improve the security and peace in the region. O
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ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (AEC)

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  WEEK 11: ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (AEC) INTRODUCTION ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is one of the pillars ASEAN besides of ASEAN Political Security and ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. Formation of ASEAN Economic Community is in 2015 with the aims of way to promote political, economic and align with cultural cooperation across the region. This pillar has been outlined in the ASEAN Vision of 2020. ASEAN Economic Community involves all the 10 ASEAN members. The AEC represents the region's ultimate goal of economic integration. ASEAN is envisioned as a single market and product base, a highly competitive region with equitable economic development, and fully integrated into the global economy. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) was also aimed to strengthening integration through free movement of services, investment, capital and also the skilled workers. The AEC covers a wide range of areas, including mutual recognition of standards, intellectual property rights, competition policies,
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Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN)

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  WEEK 9: Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN) INTRODUCTION The Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality is known as ZOPFAN. The main purpose is to promote cooperation and integration amongst the states of Southeast Asia. It ensured that Southeast Asia was not involved in disputes between major powers during the Cold War. It was established in 1967. This concept and policy have been announced through the Kuala Lumpur Declaration on the 27 th of November 1971. The declaration had been signed by ASEAN’s five founding states. It ensures that the Southeast Asia area does not have foreign military bases. All The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries have accepted this concept and Malaysia has made this concept the main framework for foreign policy. Then, the importance of ZOPFAN is to make Southeast Asia a peaceful, independent, and neutral from the political strife of the great powers, especially the United S
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GROWTH TRIANGLE

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  WEEK 8: GROWTH TRIANGLE INTRODUCTION.             Growth triangle is the one initiative or program to ASEAN develop their economy among members. It is two or more countries that cooperate each other to create new economic dynamo to rival anything in Southeast Asia especially the countries that share the boundaries. This program also will help to achieve the objective trade liberalization that outlined by AFTA. Actually, it was the establishment of a regional development model in which the focus is placed on private sector-led growth rather than the traditional government-led development drive. According to Dent (1998), it is important to note that this Sub-Regional Economic Zone (SREZ) is a contagious border region made up of several nation states that have engaged into a symbiotic growth partnership. Examples of current economic cooperation among growth triangles include the Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand - Growth Triangles (IMT-GT), Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore - Growth Triangle
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